1. 互换的场合
of 所有格既可用于有生命的人或物,也可用于无生命的东西。of 所有格有时可以与-’s 所有格互换:
Mr Smith’s son = the son of Mr Smith 史密斯先生的儿子
Jim’s patience = the patience of Jim 吉姆的耐心
the Queen’s arrival = the arrival of the Queen 女王的到达
2. 必须用 -’s 所有格的情形
①表类别时:
Most of the cloth for men’s suits is made from wool. 男人套装的布料大多是羊毛制的。
The women’s 5,000 metres was won by Jones. 女子五千米赛跑琼斯胜出了。
She works in television as well as writes children’s books. 她在电视台工作,还写儿童读物。
②表来源时:
He felt obliged to answer his father’s letter. 他感到不得不回他父亲的信。
③当被修饰的名词后有同位语修饰时:
Mary’s husband, a policeman, has just been here. 玛丽的丈夫是个警察,刚刚来过这儿。
3. 必须用of 所有格的情形
①用于无生命的事物时:
He sat down on the edge of the bed. 他在床边上坐下。
That view of the case did not occur to me before. 对案情的这种看法过去没在我脑中出现过。
②表同位关系时:
The city of Newcastle lies at the mouth of the Newcastle River. 纽卡斯尔城位于纽卡斯尔河河口。
③当中心词是名词化的名词时:
You don’t understand the life of the poor. 你不理解穷人的生活。
④当of 所有格中的名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时:
Mr Smith is a foreign teacher of a university in China. 史密斯先生是中国一所大学的外籍教师。